Scoliosis

Prednisone tablets fall within the category of oral glucocorticosteroids designed for oral administration. These tablets exhibit a pronounced pharmacological effect characterized by potent anti-inflammatory properties. They are primarily employed in the management of various systemic pathologies, particularly those linked to autoimmune pathological processes.

Indications for Prednisone Tablet Use

Prednisone tablets are employed for a wide range of medical indications, including:

Endocrinological Pathology:

• Congenital adrenal hypoplasia (adrenogenital syndrome)
• Primary or secondary adrenal cortex insufficiency
• Replacement therapy before surgery in patients with adrenal insufficiency
• Autoimmune thyroiditis (inflammation of the thyroid gland due to immune system antibodies)

Severe Allergic Pathology:

• Contact dermatitis
• Serum sickness
• Anaphylactic shock
• Quincke’s angioedema
• Allergic rhinitis

Rheumatic Systemic Diseases:

• Conditions affecting connective tissue due to autoimmune processes

Skin Diseases:

• Severe erythema multiforme
• Severe psoriasis
• Eczema
• Pemphigus
• Fungal skin lesions
• Seborrheic dermatitis
• Exfoliative dermatitis
• Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis
• Pemphigoid

Blood System Pathology:

• Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
• Hemolysis
• Congenital aplastic anemia
• Werlhof’s disease (idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura)

Liver Pathology:

• Chronic hepatitis in the active stage
• Alcoholic liver damage

Musculoskeletal Conditions:

• Acute and subacute bursitis
• Acute tendovaginitis
• Epicondylitis
• Trauma-induced osteoarthritis

Cancer:

• Breast cancer in women
• Prostate cancer in men
• Multiple myeloma
• Various types of lymphomas
• Acute and chronic leukemia

Neurological Conditions:

• Tuberculous meningitis
• Myasthenia gravis
• Multiple sclerosis in the active stage

Ophthalmological Conditions:

• Severe forms of posterior uveitis in the active stage
• Sympathetic ophthalmopathy
• Optic neuritis

Cardiovascular:

• Pericarditis

Respiratory Conditions:

• Berylliosis
• Chronic emphysema
• Bronchial asthma
• Symptomatic sarcoidosis
• Disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis

Additionally, Prednisone tablets are used in transplantology to prevent tissue rejection after organ transplantation.

Please note that Prednisone should be used under the guidance of a healthcare professional and in accordance with the specific diagnosis and treatment plan.

Contraindications for Use

As Prednisone is primarily utilized for the treatment of severe pathologies, the list of contraindications remains limited and includes:

1. Hypersensitivity: Individuals who exhibit hypersensitivity to the active substance of the medication.
2. Severe Systemic Fungal Infections: In cases where the presence of severe systemic fungal infections could potentially worsen with additional suppression of the immune system.

Before prescribing Prednisone tablets, it is imperative for the physician to confirm the absence of any contraindications.

Dosage and Administration:

Prednisone tablets are intended for oral administration, usually taken after meals, once a day, in alignment with the daily secretion rhythm of glucocorticosteroids by the adrenal cortex. On occasions, the frequency of tablet intake may be increased if necessary. The specific dosage is determined by the physician based on the patient’s condition, taking into consideration the type, severity, and unique characteristics of the pathological process within the patient’s body. After achieving the desired therapeutic effect, the dose is gradually tapered until a maintenance dose is established.

The average daily dosage for adults typically ranges from 5-60 mg. However, the maximum daily dosage should not exceed 200 mg.

Adverse recations

While short-term use of Prednisone tablets seldom leads to side effects, longer-term usage may result in the development of adverse reactions affecting various organs and systems. These potential side effects may include:

Gastrointestinal Effects:

• Steroid ulcers in the stomach or duodenum
• Periodic nausea and vomiting
• Increased appetite
• Inflammation of the pancreas
• Esophageal inflammation
• Indigestion
• Flatulence

Neurological Effects:

• Increased intracranial pressure, possibly leading to a congestive optic disc syndrome
• Sleep disturbances
• Convulsions
• Severe dizziness
• Headache
• Fainting

Endocrine Effects:

• Adrenal insufficiency
• Suppression of growth in children
• Hyperglycemia
• Menstrual irregularities in women
• Manifestation of latent diabetes mellitus
• Hirsutism (abnormal hair growth)

Musculoskeletal Effects:

• Muscle weakness
• Osteoporosis, which can result in subsequent pathological fractures

Dermatological Effects:

• Skin atrophy
• Striae (stretch marks)
• Impaired wound healing
• Erythema (skin redness)
• Hyperhidrosis (excessive sweating)
• Acne
• Petechial hemorrhages on the skin

Ophthalmological Effects:

• Cataract
• Elevated intraocular pressure, potentially leading to glaucoma
• Exophthalmos (bulging eyes)

Psychiatric Effects:

• Psychosis symptoms, particularly within the first two weeks of starting Prednisone tablets; more common in women and individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus

Metabolic Effects:

• Negative nitrogen balance in the body, often caused by increased protein breakdown and potential weight gain
• Decreased leukocyte (leukopenia) and platelet (thrombopenia) counts
• Elevated blood and urine calcium levels
• Increased levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, as well as low and very low-density lipoproteins
• Allergic reactions

If side effects occur, the decision to discontinue Prednisone tablets is made by the physician on an individual basis, considering the type, nature, and severity of the side effects.